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The release and concentration of neurotransmitters is regulated by our genetics, neurotransmitters are responsible for beneficial tendencies and habitual behaviors like productivity, optimism, arousal, motivation, optimal utilization of intelligence in intelligence related tasks, control of emotions and last but most importantly, the ability to be inspired or uplifted by the smallest things.

When certain transmitters are released you're literally preset to be kind, productive, or outgoing. They also control appetite satiation, stomach size, metabolism, testosterone, growth hormone, sex-drive, motor capacity in skeletal muscle/your CNS's ability to adapt and overcome to new intense movements and exercises.

You'd need a pill for at least ten different neurotransmitters to completely optimize the qualities above, including:

Tachykinin peptides
Cholecystokinin
Insulin
Leptin
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Acetylcholine
Dopamine
Oxytocin
Other endorphins

If you know how you feel when these neurotransmitters are released, individually, (feelings of empowerment, competence, nearly endless attention span, euphoria, rage, satiation (fullness/lack of appetite), loved, relaxed yet alert (like the blood rush after intense cardio exercise, articulate, energized, urgent or bent on doing something) is it possible to select and increase the release of these neurotransmitters through waking REM-sleep aka meditation?

Whether or not meditation raises awareness I'm not sure. It gives alone time which is important though.

IIRC, meditation masters have been able to control bodily functions once thought to be autonomic, or at least, beyond ordinary conscious control (eg, bringing heartrate way, way down; raising/lowering body temperature). By getting quiet inside (stilling the inner dialogue), they can "hear" the subtle sounds of the body-unconscious. OTOH, I doubt very much a meditation master could isolate and directly control the neurotransmitters themselves, but he (or she) probably could control the bodily function/response involving the neurotransmitters.

Also, google up studies on cancer patients and visualization, hypnotic anesthesia.

One doesn't have to be a master, per se, but he/she does have to be patient (no pun intended) and realistic.

Every drug has a positive and negative effect.