Goku doesn't really ramp it up unless he has to by story.
Basically, Goku will always look good against anyone, while Vegeta will always look bad, against anyone.
I mean, Trunks "defeated" him, for gods sake.
Head to head, they're always par.
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I find it odd that so many people think Goku would defeat Vegeta and yet Goku has never defeated Vegeta in a fight. Of course they haven't had too many legit fights before. First time, Vegeta went ape and defeated Goku and was only beaten due to Krillin, Gohan, and Yajirobe. The second time they stopped the fight due to Majin Buu and Vegeta knocked out Goku.
I think though because Goku can use Kaioken x20 under SSJ Blue, I think that would give him the advantage and allow him to defeat Vegeta.
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I didn't know if that was a new form or if that was just him in a temporary angered state like he was when he fought Beerus after he hit Bulma. Didn't Whis say that Vegeta's power at that time was similar to Ultra Instinct? If so, then yeah. Vegeta would probably have the edge over Goku.