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What is Muggle Studies?

Boring? Non! Easy? NON!

It is a merging of cultures, of minds, of worlds. It is the most wonderful subject you will ever learn!


Attention, etudiants, your first assignment is to give me four inches of parchment on the greatest of Muggle inventions - electricity!










((OOC - four inches = four lines. please post characters name if you wish to get house points. in case you haven't noticed, Professor Oulin is French!))

DO WE HAVE TO DO THIS?

If you want house points then YES

Electricity is a weird muggle invention, it's made for light and things like that (like they can't use candles or something) they keep their houses warm and watch weird screens with tiny little people on them.. Electricity is given by weird strings and if you touch them you will get a shock.. this invention is invented by William Gilbert. The first machine that made electricity was explained by Otto van Guericke in 1672.

Virginia LePour Gryffindor fourth year

Because muggles cannot use magic, they make inventions such as electricity to easy theyr lives, they are used to turn on lights, radios, TV sets, computers and lots other things, they make electricity by using water, toxic stuffs and so on, by doing this they alter nature it self, and starts ruining the planet, they alter the course of rivers to build hydroeletric stuffs, the toxic waste they make they throw on the ocean, polluting it and ruining the echosistem of that place.

Drake Faydark, Ravenclaw.
PS:How do i know all that stuff? Though my parents are wizards, i spent my time in the muggles cities, so i got used to those stuff.

Electricity is an invention that the muggles use as substitude for magic.
They use it to quickly communicate to others (Radio, Television, Telephone),
to cook (done faster than making a fire for a muggle),
and have electric bulbs as replacement for oil lamps. Tey build big towers with "cables" to bring electricity to every town and village.
(I'm muggleborn...)
Joshua Granger, Gryffindor, 3rd year.

3 points each to Virginia and Joshua, and 4 points to Drake for the extremely comprehensive answer!

~Kiara, Slytherin 6th year~

Okay, i tried it too

Muggles are really interesting creatures, their non-magical and i often cant belive how they come out without magic. their big invention is electrity.
it's really interesting to study the electrity. They have batteries, connectors and connector sockets. they have for example lamps, which works if you put the connector into the connector socket. lamps are things like wands, which are bright they work with electrity.
then there are pocket lamps, they're smarter and works with batteries.
electrity is a name for a power which can change the temperautr (heating apperatus), quickly communication (internet, televsions, telephone....) so they can talk to each other and not have to be at the same place (they dont know floo powder...)
there is electrity cooking, too. it's faster than cooking with a normal fire.

okay, i know, my english isnt very well and i had to look up something...

OOC
Karen a Syltherin 5th year
BIC
Electricity is a type of light tat muggles use in there homes and other buildings.They also use it at night with these long polls. They use electricty to cook there food, an example would be a microwave. They also can play with electricty by useing wut they call magnets. Also some muggles say if your wearing socks and u drag them across a rug then u create static electicity, which i dont get....

*<><>~~Electricity~~<><>*
By Jenny Smith
5th year, Gryffindor
Muggles or non-magic folk, are without the simple solutions of magic. This causes them to use science to find other means of simplifying daily tasks. One of these means is electricity.Electricity has many meanings. A power in nature, a manifestation of energy, exhibiting itself when in disturbed equilibrium or in activity by a circuit movement, the fact of direction in which involves polarity, or opposition of properties in opposite directions; also, by attraction for many substances, by a law involving attraction between surfaces of unlike polarity, and repulsion between those of like; by exhibiting accumulated polar tension when the circuit is broken; and by producing heat, light, concussion, and often chemical changes when the circuit passes between the poles or through any imperfectly conducting substance or space. It is generally brought into action by any disturbance of molecular equilibrium, whether from a chemical, physical, or mechanical, cause.
Intense, contagious emotional excitement. Or an electric current used or regarded as a source of power. Some types of electricity:


Statical electricity, called also

Frictional or Common, electricity, electricity in the condition of a stationary charge, in which the disturbance is produced by friction, as of glass, amber, etc., or by induction. (b)

Dynamical electricity, called also

Voltaic electricity, electricity in motion, or as a current produced by chemical decomposition, as by means of a voltaic battery, or by mechanical action, as by dynamo-electric machines. (c)

Thermoelectricity, in which the disturbing cause is heat (attended possibly with some chemical action). It is developed by uniting two pieces of unlike metals in a bar, and then heating the bar unequally. (d)

Atmospheric electricity, any condition of electrical disturbance in the atmosphere or clouds, due to some or all of the above mentioned causes. (e)

Magnetic electricity, electricity developed by the action of magnets. (f)

Positive electricity, the electricity that appears at the positive pole or anode of a battery, or that is produced by friction of glass; -- called also vitreous electricity. (g)

Negative electricity, the electricity that appears at the negative pole or cathode, or is produced by the friction of resinous substance; -- called also resinous electricity. (h)

Organic electricity, that which is developed in organic structures, either animal or vegetable, the phrase animal electricity being much more common.

2. The science which unfolds the phenomena and laws of electricity; electrical science.

3. Fig.: Electrifying energy or characteristic.

Well, muggles suck at everything, except hurting the planet. To do this better they invented electricity, which, although helping them live in comfort, forces them to destroy the environment. All over the world non-humans, like mermen and centaurs are preparing to rise up and kill all who use this. they will, of course, lose. Muggles also have guna, metal wands.

Dale, Gryffindor.

Laura Weasley, Ravenclaw

Electricity helps muggles a lot. It is used to turn the lights on and off and can be used to make a room warmer or to cook food sometimes. Muggles need electricity to do a lot of things. It saves them a lot of work. They have been using electricity for a long time and would have a hard time with out it.

Chris Weasley, slytherin


Electricity is extreamly important to the daily lives of muggles. They use it for nearly everything they do. It gives them light, warmth, entertainment, and protection. They would be very lost with out it. Each event of their day, most likely requires electricity in some way. It powers their cars and heat their stoves. It is essential in the survival of muggles.

LOL

Another curled parchment, just like the rest, though this one had really nothing wrong with it. Good penmanship. Well that's what he thought, his lovely new quill did define his letters more.

Electricity

This source of energy, which is but mere excited electrons moving through a certain medium, usually a wire of the metallic sort since their compact molecular structure easily enables them to conduct electricity. This invention was not really invented but just tapped from nature since lightning are natural forms of electricity with its electrons traveling across the skies. Perhaps this is one of the closest ways Muggles can use magic because they are merely changing one form of energy to another, like the kinetic energy used in dams create electricity. This is supported by Albert Einstein, a great muggle mind, who supports the law of conservation of energy with the equation energy equals mass times acceleration squared. It means that energy can never be destroyed, it just changes into something else. Electricity are used in various ways, and is now a very important part of Muggle society since it is used to run most of the large cities.

Ocean Oliver, Ravenclaw
PS its not a very shocking revelation : )

Five points to Kiara!

Three points to Karen!

A Massive seven points to Jenny!

Two points

Two points

three points

Six points

I will accept no more homework. a new assignment will be set this weekend.

New assignment...


A brief description on four different modes of Muggle transportation.

Muggles use Cars, the most commom, is a four wheeled vehicle who feeds on gas, it's very quick indeed.
Planes is a common but expencive way for muggles to travel, it does have wheels but instead of going on roads they fly.
Train, not much used anymore, the trains can only go where it's trail lead.
Ships are used on water for sailing, very slow, muggles prefer to travel by plane instead of Ships, but in older ages it was the principal way to travel to foreign lands.

Four points to Drake!

Laura Weasley
ravenclaw

laura walked in and turned in her assignment. she didn't particularly like muggle studies, but she found muggles funny, and thought it was amazing that they got along with out magic. she had grown up in a wizarding family, and didn't know much about muggles. but, her grandfather was in love with them, and had told her to take the class because he thought muggles were fasinating.

CArs: cars are the most common way of transportation for muggles, they have four wheels and come in many different sizes, shapes, and colors.
trucks: trucks are like big cars. they have a driving compartment, and then they have a large compartment used for carrying goods and things that were being shipped.
Airplanes: airplanes are vehicles that go through the air, but are very expensive, so muggles don't use them very much, except the rich ones
Boats: boats come in many different varietys and are a vehicle that travels throught the water. some boats are even so large they have everything that a small town would have, from reasturants to baber shops!

chris weasley
slytherin

chris found muggles boring, but his grandpa made him take the class. It was rare that he had actually done his homework, since he didn't bother learning about muggles. all eh know was that they were stupid and boring. Luckily though, laura was interested in them and told him enough to scribble down the assignment

motercylce: a vehicle with two wheels that's is like a bike that can go very fast
CAr: a four wheeled vehicle that is very common among muggles
plane: a muggle vehicle that goes in teh sky and travels very quickly
boat: a muggle vehicle that goes over the water and doesnt sink

{Kiara, Slytherin, 6th}

Muggles have a lot of ways for transportion.
They use cars, bikes, trains, planes

Cars are suqare bouilding things made of metall. they can drive around on four wheels and have a battery. the most muggles use this way.

bikes are smaller things, made of metall, too and the muggles drive them themselves on two wheels. the have to threat the pedals to drive forwards.

trains are big and lot of muggles can sit in one of it. it moves towards really fast but it have to drive on iron bands (dunno, is that right, looked it up...). the often drives with electrity, too.

planes are big birds which can fly. made of an iron, and lot of muggles can go in. they have to start and land in an airport and needs a lot of time to start. very fascinating!

Escalaltors/Escapators
Escapators are a form of transport currently being researched by Aurthur Weasley, head of department in the Misuse of Muggle Artifacts in the Ministry of Magic. They are commonly used in the underground, and are called Escalators. (Mr Weasley has not fully researched them) I have used them a few times, on walks about London. They are like a normal staircase, except the steps move up, or down, depending on if you are on an up or down escalator.

The Underground
A form of train that travels underground, usually in cities. to get down to the train, Escapators are often employed. The tracks are run through with 'electricity' and people sometimes die by falling on them.

four points to Chris, Laura and Kiara and six points to Dale for his unique angle.

Muggle's transport ways and their history
by Joshua Granger, 3rd year, Gryffindor.

1.driving - by "automobiles" or "cars"
The most used way to move faster for muggles is the car, also known as automobile.
The car moves because petrol or fuel gets burned in a cylinder. The small explosion's push presses a piston around a thread, so that the piston rotates around the thread.
The circular movement gets transferred on an axis, so that wheels are moving.
This was a great invention that was firstly built into a carriage by Karl Friedrich Benz in 1895.
The "motorized carriage" was developed up to the automobile very quickly. After fifty years more than 70% of the european and american population had an own car.

2.flying - by "aircrafts" or "airplanes"
Because muggles cant use a flying broomstick, they had to invent their own "aircraft". In the 19th century AD the first flying inventions appeared. But they were only gliders, and couldnt fly autonomous. The "pilots" had to jump down a hill.
In 1903, the first motorized airplanes got published. The Wright brothers were the first to fly by motorized plane - a few metres. But the advance in "aeronautics" was unstoppable. After thirty years, the best airplanes flew over the whole atlantic ocean.

3.sea voyage - by "ship" or "boat"
Boats are not to describe - not only muggles are using them. Even to Hogwarts, the first year students come by boat. But even here - at shipping - the motorization influented.
In the 19th century the first "steamships" or "steamers" appeared. They were wery effective and didn't take as much manual labour as using normal boats (for muggles). But even for steamships it was a long travel from europe to america, they needed 8 to 12 days to cross the ocean.
Steamers were used for a long time, for about 100 years.
They were replaced by motor boats, but this was a long way, because steamers had much power and until motors were as strong, they had to be advanced for at least fifty years - steamships had a power of four to seven hundred horses.

4."astronautics"
"Astronautics" is an especial section of "aeronautics", while here a specialtechnology called "rocket" is used. Rockets don't need air to fly, because they have fuel and oxygen cells.
When a rocket is launched, it presses oxygen and fuel out and inflames the mixture. It is a very powerful technology, and with this the muggles left our planet. They even landed on moon. Wernher von Braun invented most of it. But I don't know enough about this technology section, and so I will end my article.

Wonderful, Joshua! FIFTEEN POINTS!

Edward handed in his Muggle Studies homework, happy he had done a good job. Muggle Studies was by far his favourite subject - he hated it when people called it the soft option.

Cars are usually the favoured mode of Muggle transportation. The first was invented by Henry. T. Ford, an American Muggle.

In 1903 by Henry Ford and 11 associate investors founded an American automotive corporation. In 1919 the company was reincorporated, with Ford, his wife, Clara, and his son, Edsel, acquiring full ownership; they, their heirs, and the Ford Foundation (formed 1936) were sole stockholders until January 1956, when public sale of the common stock was first offered. The company today is chiefly engaged in the manufacture, assembly, and sale of passenger cars (Ford, Mercury, Lincoln, and Continental), trucks, tractors, and related parts and accessories and is also engaged in financial services. Headquarters are in Dearborn, Mich.

Henry Ford built his first experimental car in a workshop behind his home in Detroit in 1896. After formation of the Ford Motor Company, the first Ford car was assembled at the Mack Avenue Plant in July 1903. Five years later, in 1908, the highly successful Model T was introduced. Demand for this car was so great that Ford developed new mass-production methods in order to manufacture it in sufficient quantities; in 1911 he established the industry's first branch assembly plant (in Kansas City, Mo.); in 1913 he introduced the world's first moving assembly line for cars; and in 1914, to further improve labour productivity, he introduced the $5 daily wage for an 8-hour day (replacing $2.34 for a 9-hour day).

By mid-1914 there were more than 500,000 Model T's on the roads of the world; by 1923 the company was producing more than half of America's automotive vehicles and by the end of the 1920s had more than 20 assembly plants overseas in Europe, Latin America, Canada, Asia, South Africa, and Australia. The Ford had become the world's most familiar make of car. In 1927 the last Model T and the first new Model A were produced, followed in 1932 by the first Ford V-8. In 1922 Ford had acquired the Lincoln Motor Company (founded 1917), which would produce Ford's luxury Lincolns and Continentals. In 1938 Ford introduced the first Mercury, a car in the medium-priced range. Ford's only other independent make, the Edsel, was a financial failure and lasted but three years, 1957-59.

As early as 1906 Henry Ford had acquired 58.5 percent of the company's stock; and, when the other stockholders balked at the idea of building the giant (and expensive) River Rouge Plant in Dearborn, Mich., he bought them out, and his son Edsel Ford (1893-1943) became president (1919). On Edsel's death in 1943, Henry Ford returned to the presidency, but in 1945 he turned it over to his grandson, Henry Ford II, who reorganized the company's tangled system of financial management and reinvigorated its corporate culture by hiring talented younger managers. Henry Ford II remained chairman of the board and chief executive officer and head of the company until 1979.

In the 1950s and '60s the Ford Motor Company began limited diversification, but by the 1990s it had refocused attention on its automotive concerns and its growing financial services. In 1989-90 Ford acquired Jaguar, a British manufacturer of luxury cars.



Bicycles are chosen by Muggles who are concerned for the environment. They are constructed of two wheels, several metal poles, two 'pedals' and a chain of metal knobs called 'gears'. There is a padded seat atop the bicycle, upon which the Muggle sits. They place there feet on the pedals and make circular motions and the bicycle moves away.

Learning to ride a bicycle (also known as a bike) is a long process, usually learned when the Muggle is between the ages of four and eight. There first bicycle has three wheels, and is theefore known as a TRIcycle. When they have mastered this, they move onto a bicycle with two smaller wheels attached to the side of the back wheel. However, it is not called a quadricycle. The two smaller wheels are known as stabilisers (STAY - BI - LYSERS). when a Muggle is considered proficient by its parent, the stabilisers are removed, and they are permitted to cycle by themselves.


Trains are the most unreliable of Muggle transport. They are dirty, dark and very slow. They are usually between cities in the same country, but there are two systems which are not.

One is known as The Underground, which is a network of train tunnels underneath the city of London.

The other is known as the Channel Tunnel. As a foot passenger, you may join the train at Waterloo and travel to Paris. In a car (see above) you may join the train at Folkestone, and depart at Calais.



Another, more unusual form of Muggle transportation, is SLEDGES. They are mostly used in cold countries, and can only be used on snow. Their use has decreased in recent years, and are now only used by Muggle children or for ornamental or traditional purposes.


~Edward Cooper, Hufflepuff

"In future, Edward, please maintain the same quality for each section of your work. However, the first two sections are very detailed, so take ten points!"

"Thank you, Professor!"
Joshua was so happy, he could immediately jump up and laugh, but he could control himself. Fifteen points!

An extensive Description of all around the Automobile
By George Chaucer

1. Invention of the Automobile
The idea of the automobile, the car, was invented in 1460 already, by inventing the steam machine. It was a heavy machine that started the industrial revolution from Yorkshire.
The idea was given, the first "cars" were wind powereds. After 400 years, the break through came through Nikolaus August Otto's gas motor. It was burning a gas-air mixture in a cylinder. Through this, there was a motor small enough to fit onto a carriage.
Karl Benz's Motor Carriage was the first pre-version of the automobile. It was developed by himself, and after Gottlieb Daimler came to him, they build the first real automobile.

2.Advance of the Automobile
It was a very fast advance. After twenty years the cars got from 16 kilomters per hour to 25-30 kph. After another ten years, the coachwork was already made of tin or steel (today fiberglass or carbonfiber). In 1950, around 70% of the americans and europeans had an own car. The car got a real fashion. The trend went from rounded to angulary, then a bit back to rounded, back to angrulary and now - half-rounded.
Here are some images of the trend of the car:
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990

3.Models, makes and competition
The "makes", the factories of the cars. Several people founded automobile building factories. Only a few of them could succeed and do still exist. There are low-price cars like The Volkswagen, Chevrolet, Ford etc; then special models, like Corvette, Viper and so on; Luxury Cars like RollsRoyce, Mercedes-Benz (a bit); and there are sports makes (very expensive) like Ferrari, Lamborghini, Bugatti (mostly Italian).
They build their own models.

4.Electronic in cars
At first, the car was just equipped with a pedal for acceleration and brakes and the sttering wheel; But the car got equipped with a radio (hearing musics), a heating, special lightened gauges (to view speed, fuel level etc.) and sometimes with electronic adjustable seats.

George Chaucer; Gryffindor

Sonia Hubert, Fifth Year Ravenclaw
A fundamental entity of nature consisting of negative and positive kinds, observable in the attractions and repulsions of bodies electrified by friction and in natural phenomena (as lightning or the aurora borealis), and usually utilized in the form of electric currents. Muggles use to power computers, television, to heat their homes, and to power televisions.

this isnt the actual exercise tela

((( oops thanks)))
Sonia, Fifth Year ravenclaw

A bus is a large motor vehicle designed to carry passengers usually along a fixed route according to a schedule.

An Airplane is a powered heavier-than-air aircraft that has fixed wings from which it derives most of its lift.

A motorcycle is a 2-wheeled automotive vehicle having one or two saddles.

Moped is a lightweight low-powered motorbike that can be pedaled.

I will accept no more homework assignments. I will assess and award points for those already submitted, then set a new assignment for next week...

Discuss the importance of television in Muggle lives

minimum: four lines

Take four points for Ravenclaw Sonia!

Televison is the best thing for muggles to submit news to others.
They report about sports, weather, terrorism and cathastrophes.
The news aren't made in film studios like the big cinema movies,
they are made at the channel's studio, and mostly sent live (simultaneously).
joshua granger, 3rd, gryffindor

((theres still a george chaucer homework before sonia, check that...
dunno, shd i stop as george chaucer?))

((Well, in the characters thread we have posted a rule saying you can only use your main char for homework...))

excellent! Take four point!

It's a muggle way of entertainment and as a source of information, they can watch cartoons, News, wheather channel and stuff like that, it's probably the most common thing a muggle have, almost every muggle (even the poorest) have, they feed on electricity to work, also they need antennas to receive waves and turn it into images and suches, a trully marvel of the muggles.