Ummm actually the jedi council said they wouldn't train anakin before the duel. They only changed their mind, when Obi Wan declared he would take him as an apprentice after the duel. So if Obi had died, he wouldn't be there to declare that to the council and anakin wouldn't be trained as was originaly stated by them.
starwars He might have been trained as a jedi by one of the other jedi knights and he might have become a better jedi and he would have brought palpatine in himself, he would not have become darth vader and padme would not have died. The reason she died was of a broken heart not any injury from anakin betraying her and their would be no empire or a war and luke and leia would both of been jedi knights.
well, what happened on naboo? the droid army was defeated and the gunguns were left the major millitary force on the planet. i think maul would have pursued the queen and eliminated her setting free the viceroy. then it was a matter of time between whether the new droid army got there or if the gunguns reached the capitol to find and eliminate maul. i think maul was palpatines protige and anikan would have been sent home to live with his mom which he would have protected from being abducted by the sand people. he would have been the chosen one and been found by yoda and trained in the ways of the jedi and defeated the evil empire in his 30's. palpatine would have won the clone wars no matter what side he decided to go on. the empire was inevitable. and so was the defeat of the empire.
Obi Wan would be less popular and I would like that. And Darth Maul would have trained Anakin after Maul killed Watto and Shmi and I would have liked that too. Then there would be a dramatic scene with Palpatine eating Maul and Anakin would cry.. Then Anakin would be Darth Vader without all those cyborg parts and Anakin would have kept his brain and he would have just cloned Padme back and keep her as a sex slave and I would have liked that too.
And Luke and Leia would be raised by Vader and become sith too and Yoda would call himself Darth Phoenix and all the sith would live happily ever after, the end.