Joseph Stalin
The Soviet dictator’s birth name was quite the mouthful: Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili. During a series of arrests and exiles as the Russian Revolution was getting its wheels going in the early 1900s, Iosif (Westernized to Joseph) started using the name “Stalin,” which translates to “steel” in Russian.
George Orwell
Before becoming a favorite author for books like Animal House and 1984, Eric Arthur Blair was living in the slums of London and Paris, begging for money when he wasn’t working as a dishwasher. His experience inspired the book that put him on critics’ radars, Down and Out in Paris and London. He didn’t want to ruin his family’s reputation by connecting their last name with poverty, so he went with the pen name George Orwell, allegedly inspired by England’s River Orwell.
Sting (and Sting)
Apparently legendary rockstar Sting (Gordon Matthew Thomas Sumner) used to wear a black and yellow sweater that reminded a band member of a bee. Pro wrestling Hall of Famer Sting (Steve Borden) owns the rights to the Sting name, and Sumner pays Borden $1 a year to use sting as a stage name.
Pablo Picasso
The world-famous painter and Cubist creator didn’t exactly use a fake name, but he did shorten his full name a bit. Advertising for Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno Crispín Crispiniano María Remedios de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz Picasso might not have fit on his exhibit’s flyers, after all. Until 1901, he sometimes went by Pablo Ruiz or Pablo Ruiz Picasso, but he eventually dropped his father’s last name.