Nerdy question..

What kind of spider was it that bit Peter? As in, species?
Is Venom's spider icon modelled after any particular species?

you should go to the Comic Books forum, they have a Comic Questions thread there, probably be answered faster

It was never specified in Amazing Fantasy 15. I don't think even Peter knows.

Looking at the comic, it looks like a regular house spider you find anywhere.

or ask Doc Ock 😆 😆

I guess Venom could be molded slightly after a female black widow spider...

Originally posted by sletia
What kind of spider was it that bit Peter? As in, species?
Is Venom's spider icon modelled after any particular species?

I don't know about the spider that bit Peter. I'm pretty sure it was never stated in the comics.
As for venom, well it IS stated that Peter was subconsciously influenced by Spider-woman's costume and that is how he the emblem came out (it says all this when he gets the costume in the Secret Wars miniseries). So, you'd have to ask the Spider-woman fans what her costume is based on.
I hope that helps.