Tortoise Herder
Senior Member
Actually, Quiero, Xerxes WAS a tyrant, it is just that pretty much everybody was to an extent in that period of time. The number one reasons Xerxes and Co are vilified is simple: They lost.
Not only against the Greek Alliance, but also against the Greco-Macedonian Empire of Alexander. And history is written by the victors, and this is nowhere more true than the case of Western Civilization VS the Persians.
I normally hate moral equivalence, but in some cases, it is justified. By most accounts, Xerxes was a capable ruler of Persia, and this is shown in even several Greek accounts, where he strengthened the already-impressive hand of Persia through improvements to the state's technology and procedures, and the quelling of Nationalist dissent in the Empire.
Yes, 300 did villify him. However, while indisputably inaccurate and made as an action movie above all, it is rather accurate in more than a few ways. Yes, it takes the "Xerxs wants to conquer teh world!!!" line. However, given the fact that, by the LOWER estimates that can be deemed realistic, had dispatched roughly 300,000 men in the Greek campaign, three times the size used for "normal" campaigns, and it strains the mind to think that it was "merely" a small expedition to torch Athens for torching Sardis with no expansion whatsoever.
In addition, it actually gets something that the mighty History Channel missed on their (rather excellent, I must add) documentary of the battle: there was indeed one Greek survivor of Thermopylae that would fight at Platea later. Technically, there were two, but one hanged himself in shame following the battle.
But, my point is that, YES Xerxes was a tyrant. The thing is that EVERYONE was a tyrant in that era (and yes, even Athenian democracy was very riged and state-dominated by several standards). He likely did have costly tastes, yes, but probably not as much as he is frequently portrayed to be.
Yes, 300 is inaccurate. For instance, the non-Spartan Greeks were ORDERED by Leonidas to fall back, not routed from the field, and there were in fact the Thespians, who were citizen soldiers, but refused to leave and did in fact die to a man at Thermopylae. The Greeks did indeed toss Persian diplomats down wells when relations soured, and those wet diplomats did indeed demand earth and water as tribute from subjugated peoples, and tried to do so to the Greeks.
However, Xerxes did not exactly go to war over this (indeed, some Persian and Greek sources indicated that, during his reign, Xerxes' father Darius equipped his diplomats with oil to rub on their bodies before being tossed into the well), and that happened over the Ionian revolt.
Yes, Xerxes is maligned, frequently unfairly, in the West. However, for many exaggerations, there is likely more than a few grains of truth.