Reading through the thread I see it has shifted from "why Adam die?" to incoherence, plot holes and just about every illogical aspect the show has... 😄 ... funny.
I don't think you can analyze the show on scientifically level, cuz it's inherently wrong. The explanation as to why people have abilities is as acceptable as the X-men "mutation" explanation...
it's evolution, baby... and I can go along with that.
but once you get to analyze how these power works... or even how they are somewhat possible in the real world, then it all goes to hell.
I accept the theories or explanation given in the show, because to an extent they help to advance the story (usually their are just plot devices) ... nothing more than a convenient solution to stop thinking about how it works and just watch a man fly, another stop time, and other two beat the hell out of each other using flames and bolts (... and we're FINALLY getting some of that)
I accept them, but not necessarily like them... The presence of Arthur gives the show much needed focus (and hopefully they keep it for a while) and somewhat of and intriguing villain... but it's wrong in so many levels... starting with why it has powers..., the same goes with Sylar Petrelli and the constant future changing, but at least it seems to be finding it's footing... at last.
About Adam: I too like him, he was one of the best character in the show... but given how things are now... he was completely useless, they shouldn't have killed him... but it's done.
The thing about trying to explain WHY Adam die has nothing to do with how he died, but how people don't accept his death.
So: how does Arthur have powers?... has he always had them? I hope not... I thinking he got them using the formula... that's one explanation I have no trouble with...