Originally posted by The Rover
Poverty. In quite a few cases, it was literally a way to provide income to families...
this is really only true in cases like Palestine, Kashmir, Chechnya, etc, where it is local people fighting for an "Islamic independence" from a direct occupational power
when it comes to the international scene, you often see people who are highly educated, and who have a good deal of opportunity back home.
The psychology is pretty simple. A poor person, or a person with no opportunity, will feel the need to take direct action to do this, and it is fairly simple to get them involved in an activity that they see as directly confronting the causes of their poverty.
Someone who has the opportunity, but sees these larger geopolitical patterns as being the primary causes of the oppression experienced by other muslims, is more likely to attribute these issues not to local oppression, but to international forces of the economy and American hegemony.
It is why AQ was not hugely popular in Afghanistan following the fall of the Soviets, many of the fighters had no interest in fighting the "great satan", they had their nation. Even high ranking members in its leadership where against OBL and Zawahiri's decision to attack America, and needed to be "taken care of" before OBL to launch his campaign.
it doesn't hold 100%, you can find examples that go both ways (Ross Kemp interviews a member of a Palestinian group who has a Law degree, yet is about to blow himself up), but in general, poverty is a much greater motivator of local movements than it is of the larger international terrorism.
EDIT: I've also seen a number of studies that look at, especially, the gender component of muslim extremism, and they find male concepts of humiliation are extremely powerful motivators as well, not that this isn't correlated to poverty or anything