Goku would win. Sasuke has genjutsu, but genjutsu is the manipulation of chakra flow in one's brain to distort the sensory. Dragon Ball characters have ki. And there are distinct differences between Ki and Chakra. Ki requires charging up, it exists in pure energy and needs to be charged before released fully. Using all of your Ki does not end your life, as Ki is not connected to your life force like chakra is. Chakra on the other hand has natures and is directly connected to one's life force. If someone runs out of chakra, they will die. Chakra can be divided and manipulated in more potent ways then ki, being used to create, reshape, destroy, etc. So under the assumption sasuke starts his fight with the sharingan with the intent of using a genjutsu the second he sees the next person he sees, it would have no effect on goku. People in his universe do not possess chakra and ones ki can't be manipulated to manipulate the senses of an individual anyways. There is no conversion, they are different forces. Then it goes to power. The ultimate shield is flawed. Tsunade could Crack through madaras susanoo at one point in the manga and before anyone says omg sasuke is so much better then madara, by how much do you figure? A multiple of 50? Susanoo is a cloak comprised of one's chakra, and madaras was pierced by physical strength. Sasuke can run out of chakra, and gokus natural strength without ssj transformations is leagues above tsunades best. Physical strength wise and speed wise, no naruto character can compete with a dragonball character. amaterasu has a chance of killing goku, but if both characters are fighting to kill, goku would get hit by amertarasu underestimating his opponent at first, rip off the limb/article of clothing effected, and note to stay out of site of his eyes/black flames, which as we see with itachi v sasuke, can be dodge. If playing to kill after dodging amerterasu, sasukes only damaging move, goku could instant transmission and then kill, or simply move faster then the speed of sound and then kill. Hell, doesn't his base travel at like 1.2 times the speed of light or something crazy like that? Anyways, too fast for sasuke to dodge or Consider dodging. Game set and match.