Originally posted by Shakyamunison
Charles Darwin would be 200 years old this week. And after all these years, people are still arguing about the theory of evolution that he fathered.
I agree.
Originally posted by Shakyamunison
A primary reason: Some religious groups object to the notion that humans emerged millions of years ago from apes, or a common ancestor shared with apes, and that all life evolved over time, rather than being created as-is by God. This is the gist of it, though there are numerous variations on creationist arguments with evolution.
This is untrue. Let me explain, please.
First, the critical mass challenging evolution are not Bible Theologians and/or Theology Professors; whoever they are, whether bias, mental, ignorant or born with 3 legs is irrelevant. They merely agree with what scientists -- molecular biologists, astronomers and physicists, for example -- have brought to the table.
Second, the fossil record is void of transitions. Planet Earth is approximately 5.5 billion years old! And hundreds and hundreds upon thousands of fossils have been uncovered and documented. Ask Stephen J. Gould about the fossil record:
"The history of most fossil species includes two features particularly inconsistent with gradualism: 1) Stasis. Most species exhibit no directional change during their tenure on earth. They appear in the fossil record looking much the same as when they disappear; morphological change is usually limited and directionless. 2) Sudden appearance. In any local area, a species does not arise gradually by the steady transformation of its ancestors; it appears all at once and fully formed." (Gould, Stephen J. [Professor of Zoology and Geology, Harvard University, USA], "Evolution's Erratic Pace," Natural History, Vol. 86, No. 5, May 1977, p.14).
"Paleontologists had long been aware of a seeming contradiction between Darwin's postulate of gradualism, confirmed by the work of population genetics, and the actual findings of paleontology. Following phyletic lines through time seemed to reveal only minimal gradual changes but no clear evidence for any change of a species into a different genus or for the gradual origin of an evolutionary novelty. Anything truly novel always seemed to appear quite abruptly in the fossil record." (Mayr, Ernst [Emeritus Professor of Zoology, Harvard University], "Toward a New Philosophy of Biology: Observations of an Evolutionist," Harvard University Press: Cambridge MA, 1988, pp.529-530).
Originally posted by Shakyamunison
But there's another reason for the ongoing debate that may surprise you: The terms "Darwinian evolution" and "Darwinism" — used frequently by scientists and the media — are misleading.Scientists have failed to let Darwin die, even as the theory he birthed grew up, some scientists now say. Evolutionary biology has evolved greatly since Darwin first generated the controversy with the 1859 publication of On the Origin of Species, and some think it's time to divorce his name from the theory's name.
The term Darwinism "fails to convey the full panoply of modern evolutionary biology accurately, and it fosters the inaccurate perception that the field stagnated for 150 years after Darwin's day," Eugenie C. Scott and Glenn Branch of the National Center for Science Education wrote last month in the journal Evolution: Education and Outreach.
Birth of evolution
In Origin, Darwin proposed that living things descended with modification from common ancestors. Within a decade or so, most scientists in Britain, at least, had accepted this basic idea of evolution, Scott and Branch explain.
This is "misleading." Organisms did not "descend," they merely took on variation. Dogs are an excellent example of this, amongst many.
Originally posted by Shakyamunison
Darwin's other big idea, that evolutionary change was driven by natural selection, was much slower to catch on, Scott and Branch write. It took other research, including a 20th-century rediscovery of work by Gregor Mendel — a priest and contemporary of Darwin who had unraveled the basic principles of heredity by crossbreeding peas — to give widespread credence to natural selection.
Peas? Okay....
Originally posted by Shakyamunison
To scientists nowadays, there is no debate about the solidity of the theory of evolution. Like the theory of gravity, evolution has been tested every which way, and though there remains plenty to learn about some of the details of how it works, there is no questioning the fact that it is at work, creating new species such as drug-resistant bacteria on short time scales or, in the longer term, humans, who evolved from other primates.
This is hogwash! Their are no "details" to learn. The field of Molecular Biology, over the past 40 years, has demonstrated that DNA only allows variation within any organism's genome. Again, we are back to dogs. Dogs will never, never, regardless of time and external stimulus, develop gills, for example. The DNA code makes such a feat impossible. In lieu of my example, the DNA information needed for gills, is simply not present! Sorry.
Drug-resistant bacteria remain "bacteria."
Originally posted by Shakyamunison
Evolution is one of the most well-established theories in science, supported by observations in many fields, from fossil evidence to DNA work done only in recent years.
Shakyamunison, since the author of this article couldn't provide one (1) example, perhaps you can. Evidence is stronger than theory and/or blanket statements. And I'm not being arrogant.
Originally posted by Shakyamunison
Other kinds of evolution?Yet because scientists and the media refer to "Darwinian evolution," there's an implicit suggestion that there are other kinds, argues Carl Safina, adjunct professor at Stony Brook University, in an essay this week in The New York Times.
"We don't call astronomy Copernicism, nor gravity Newtonism," Safina points out. "Using phrases like 'Darwinian selection' or 'Darwinian evolution' implies there must be another kind of evolution at work, a process that can be described with another adjective. For instance, 'Newtonian physics' distinguishes the mechanical physics Newton explored from subatomic quantum physics. So 'Darwinian evolution' raises a question: What's the other evolution?"
There is none, of course.
How is this relevant to the topic at hand? Enough with the fancy-talk.
Originally posted by Shakyamunison
Scott and Branch, in their paper, delved much deeper into the confusion fueled by these terms, given that evolutionary biology has expanded to include many theories and concepts unknown in the 19th century."The term “Darwinism" is, therefore, ambiguous and misleading," they write.
"Compounding the problem of 'Darwinism' is the hijacking of the term by creationists to portray evolution as a dangerous ideology — an 'ism' — that has no place in the science classroom," Scott and Branch argue. "When scientists and teachers use 'Darwinism' as synonymous with evolutionary biology, it reinforces such a misleading portrayal and hinders efforts to present the scientific standing of evolution accurately. Accordingly, the term 'Darwinism' should be abandoned as a synonym for evolutionary biology."
Blah, blah, blah.... Get to the point already.
Originally posted by Shakyamunison
In short, it's time to put Charles Darwin in his place, with all due respect, and accept that his theory has evolved.
What an intelligent statement! Where do I sign?