Originally posted by Time Immemorial
If its always the Republicans fault or the democrats fault and nothing really gets done, why is that the only two parties that can be elected are of those? Seems to me the system is rigged for them and against us.
Ok, the system is a bit winner-takes-all, which means if you don't have a chance of getting 50%, there's not too much point in playing, but it should also be noted that each party is basically a coalition of what other countries would call parties, who band together and basically say, "Ok, I'm here for these social issues. Your economic issues aren't as critical to me, but I'll support most of yours and you'll support most of mine and we'll call ourselves a party, ok?".
Like, there's a group called the 'Dixiecrats'. They, as the name implies, were Southerners who voted Democrats. In the 60s, the Democrats pissed them off something fierce with the civil rights movement, so they left, and were in the proverbial wilderness for a bit, then the Republicans changed their strategy to court them, and now they're at the core of the Republican party.
The big business Republicans have traditionally been at the core of the party, but due to recent poor moves by the party, and the Tea Party having more say over the economics than they do currently- when they used to be *the* economics deciders within the Republicans- has caused them to be more marginalized within the party and it being expected that more will go Democrat unless things change. They didn't move, but the other factions within the Republicans moved away from them so they may be near a flip point, and a good number of individuals have already come over.
What happens is when there's a new faction that gains a lot of popularity, it doesn't form a new party like it would in Europe, it joins one of the prior parties, either because one obviously aligns with it or one actively courts it harder. The tea party being the most obvious example.
If neither party wants it/it doesn't find itself aligned with either, then it may hang around, but it fulfills a role fairly similar to what many marginal parties do in parliamentary systems. That is to say, while they may throw a small amount of influence on this issue or that, push larger parties when they can, they largely sit on the sidelines where the major voting blocks do their thing. The libertarians are an example of this in the US, though they seem to be drifting more towards the Republican side of things or, I should say, the Republicans have happened to drift a bit closer to them. If we have a parliamentary system, they'd only have a few votes anyway and wouldn't particularly have more influence then than they do with Ron Paul trying to push the Republicans does now.
Additionally, on the 'nothing really gets done' thing- that really is one side, and historically very unusual. The Republicans have a distinct lack of willingness to compromise on anything but 'you come over to our side,' and will block most things the opposition tries out of spite a lot of the time. This, in turn, has made it very hard for them to get stuff done, as the normal way of accomplishing things is to make a deal to let a little of the opposition's way past in exchange for a little of your way, in general proportion to who has the most advantage in seats and so on. Normally the self-interest of compromise in that situation is clear, i.e. at least you'll get *some* of what you want done, but the current batch is more interested in stopping the opposition entirely/thinks that if they muscle through they can somehow get all of what they want (largely the tea party rookies think this, btw, the old hands tend to at least understand there's limits to that), and because they think they can win by continuing this tactic, when really they cannot, we're stuck this way until they lose power.