Yes. As I recall, Goku's Kamehameha against Piccolo Jr. was also stated to be strong enough to destroy the moon, and Vegeta was able to match a stronger one. It stands to reason that he could do it.
That being said, I don't think SS Vegeta could destroy 100 moons with a casual blast just because Piccolo (whose power level was ~100x lower) was able to destroy one that way. That doesn't meet my standard of evidence.