Skip to main content
OPEN NAVIGATION MENU
WIRED
SUBSCRIBE
Business
Culture
Gear
Ideas
Science
Security
Transportation3 Articles Left
Subscribe
Subscribe to WIRED
EMMA GREY ELLISCULTURE08.23.2019 03:22 PM
Pepe the Frog Means Something Different in Hong Kong—Right?
Pepe is popping up all over Hong Kong—on walls, in forums, in sticker packs for apps—as a symbol of resistance against an authoritarian state.
protestors in front of spray painted pepe the frog
BILLY H.C. KWOK/GETTY IMAGES
If you’re a Very Online American but not alt-right, finding a Pepe the Frog meme in a comment section feels like finding a KKK hood in the back of someone’s closet. It’s objectively goofy-looking and the people associated with it have been banished by polite society, but the symbol is so saturated with hate and rage and fear that just the sight of it is a shock. Standards change, however, as you move about the globe. In Spain, pointed white hoods are an uncontroversial feature of Easter celebrations. In Hong Kong, Pepe the Frog is now a symbol of progressive resistance against an authoritarian state.
Emma Grey Ellis covers memes, trolls, and other elements of Internet culture for WIRED.
Pepe is popping up all over Hong Kong—in graffiti, on anonymous forums, in sticker packs for WhatsApp and Telegram. If you’re familiar with white supremacist Pepe memes, it’s clear that Hong Kong’s Pepe is a different animal: He wears the yellow construction helmets that have become a symbol of Hong Kong’s pro-democracy protests, and he is often depicted as an emergency responder, or even more surprisingly, as a journalist. (Would lamestream media-hating alt-righters share a “Press Pepe” holding an iPhone? Hell no.) It would seem that exactly none of the meme’s racial animus made it to Hong Kong with the cartoon frog, and according to reporting from The New York Times, protesters are baffled by the very idea of Pepe as a racist symbol. In Hong Kong, the frog is about as sinister as Hello Kitty.
Related Stories
salmon in ice
MEMES
Dive Into the Existential Escapism of the Fish Tube
EMMA GREY ELLIS
two wild boars
MEMES
How '30-50 Feral Hogs' Became the New 'Thoughts and Prayers'
EMMA GREY ELLIS
article image
YOUTUBE
Enter the Age of Borderless Memes
EMMA GREY ELLIS
This is not the first time the Pepe meme has undergone a radical change in meaning. Matt Furie, the cartoonist behind Pepe, didn’t set out to craft a reaction image for racists. He was just drawing a high frog dude with an expressive, often petulant face. In 2014, before Pepe became a hate symbol, it was a generic and wholesome enough meme that bubblegum pop star Katy Perry shared it as a way to express her jet lag. For a Hong Kong-based Mandarin or Cantonese speaker today, it's still just that sad/smug/funny/angry/resigned frog.
Internet culture is global now, and images in particular have become nearly borderless. The more visual a meme is, the more likely it is to ping its way around the world, acquiring regional context and meaning. The most successful global memes tend to strike at human fundamentals. The South Korean mukbang (basically, a silent livestream of somebody feasting) went viral worldwide because everyone eats. China’s “Karma’s a *****” meme—in which teens transform from shabby to glam in seconds, to the tune of Kreayshawn’s “Gucci Gucci”—ended up on The Tonight Show because everyone loves a glow up. America exports many a visual meme: This May, Chinese users were using Thanos’ Infinity Gauntlet to talk about President Trump’s effect on their economy.
ADVERTISEMENT
If Thanos is destruction in our emerging global symbology, Pepe the Frog’s visual meaning is something like sad resistance. It’s what he meant to white supremacists at first too—regardless of the validity of their feelings of oppression. Despite sharply different cultural understandings, there’s a surprising conservation of emotional context in this global game of telephone. Pepe the Frog is more or less a young netizen's worldwide mood.
More Great WIRED Stories
How the nerds are reinventing pop culture
A “NULL” license plate landed one hacker in ticket hell
The desperate race to neutralize a lethal superbug yeast
Tour the factory where Bentley handcrafts its luxury rides
How to reduce gun violence: Ask some scientists
👁 Facial recognition is suddenly everywhere. Should you worry? Plus, read the latest news on artificial intelligence
✨ Optimize your home life with our Gear team’s best picks, from robot vacuums to affordable mattresses to smart speakers.
Emma Grey Ellis is a staff writer at WIRED, specializing in internet culture and propaganda, as well as writing about planetary science and other things space-related. She graduated from Colgate University with a degree in English, and she resides in San Francisco.
STAFF WRITER
FEATURED VIDEO
How the Internet Tricks You Into Thinking You're Always Right
TOPICS
MEMES
CHINA
ALT RIGHT
MORE FROM WIRED
Hong Kong Is the Latest Tripwire for Tech Firms in China
PETER RUBIN AND WILL KNIGHT
The Queer Rights Movement Faces Down the Supreme Court
JASON PARHAM
Marvel's Superheroines Want an All-Female Movie
ANGELA WATERCUTTER
High Schools Need to Get Over It and Embrace Esports
JASON CHUNG
Ripper—the Inside Story of the Egregiously Bad Videogame
LISA WOOD SHAPIRO
PlayStation 5 Is Coming, Elon’s in Trouble Again, and More
ALEX BAKER-WHITCOMB
Exclusive: A Deeper Look at the PlayStation 5—Haptics, UI Facelift, and More
PETER RUBIN
1 Year of WIRED for $10
Subscribe
WIRED
WIRED is where tomorrow is realized. It is the essential source of information and ideas that make sense of a world in constant transformation. The WIRED conversation illuminates how technology is changing every aspect of our lives—from culture to business, science to design. The breakthroughs and innovations that we uncover lead to new ways of thinking, new connections, and new industries.
MORE FROM WIRED
CONTACT
RSS
Site Map
Accessibility Help
Condé Nast Store
© 2019 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement (updated 5/25/18) and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement (updated 5/25/18) and Your California Privacy Rights. Wired may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices