He was weakened due to his unstable mental condition. As Palaptine himself stated
https://ibb.co/txx2ng1
I doubt he would emerge from this since during ROTJ Vader was still conflicted per SW's official website
I mean, we know that Vader redeems himself enough to be Palpatine's right hand man again by the time of RotJ.
So even though he obviously never fully let go of some of those feelings, he either buried them really deep(to the point where Palpatine no longer sensed any conflict), and/or turned them into emotions that could be used to fuel his own power.
Originally posted by Galan007
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Galan do you think the current gap between Vader and Palpatine is larger than it was in the old eu, where he had 80% of Sidious’ power?
It’s interesting that when Vader saves Luke he’s able to handle more powerful force lightning than he does here and keep walking, even though he was exhausted from fighting Luke.
And now that I think about it his hand was missing and the wires and circuitry were exposed which should have made the damage from sidious’ lightning even worse, considering it was the sole reason Vader never used force lightning.
If Vader’s hand wasn’t cut off I wonder if he could have survived RoTJ