lets try and make a timeline.
14-? years ago: Jack joins EITC captaining the Wicked Wench, a merchant ship.
13 years ago: Jack refuses to carry slaves. He sets them free. When he returns, Beckett brands him a pirate and sinks his ship.
Jack visits Tia, who sends him to Davy Jones for help. With nothing to live for, Jack makes a bargain with Davy Jones, who raises his ship. Jack and Barbossa rename ship Black Pearl. it is also assumed that at this time Jack has a falling out with his father.
12-11 years ago: Jack and Barbossa pillage, plunder, and otherwise pirate their way across the caribbean. Near the end of these two years, Jack obtains the compass from Tia Dalma, which he knows can lead him to Isle de Muerta.
10 1/2 years ago: Jack and Barbossa go to Tortuga to pick up a crew, in order to go after the treasure of Isle de Muerta. Barbossa and crew mutiny Jack on an island and find the treasure themselves, becoming cursed.
10 years ago: Black pearl attacks the merchant ship Will is aboard. Liz and father come over from England, picking up Will on the way.
9-? years ago: Jack meets Gibbs, who becomes a pirate. Lots of adventures occur.
Is that right? What are we missing?