The Force fight:
After disabling Palpatine's elite, Yoda banters with the Dark Lord for a few moments - before Palpatine decides to let Yoda "experience the full power of the Dark Side".
Palpatine then raises his hands and fires off a burst of Force lightning at Yoda, who raises his hands - but is overpowered and flung towards the opposite wall.
After a few moments, Yoda rises and - after a little exchange - Force pushes Palpatine back across the room, where the Dark Lord tips over his desk (spread-eagled. 😖). Palpatine, realizing that his "little green friend" really isn't the type to be screwed with, attempts to flee. But Yoda is quicker to the door, and blocks him.
After another exchange, Yoda draws his saber - as does Palpatine. Yoda rushes over Palpatine, attempting to strike him over the head. Palpatine blocks, and Yoda flips off of the Chancellor's podium to land in front of Palpatine.
They attack each other, and Yoda pushes Palpatine's saber back. Palpatine cackles and then slashes at Yoda.
------
Palpatine's saber fight with Yoda is also roughly 40 seconds long (not including shown before they got on the podium and the footage shown where Palpatine "loses his saber"😉.
Palpatine maintains the center "block" on the podium (the Chancellor's one) while Yoda attempts to overwhelm Palpatine. It should be noted that, though Palpatine is remaining relatively stationary - he is meeting Yoda attack for attack. Meaning that they are both moving their sabers at the same time. So it isn't Yoda attacking and Palpatine simply blocking.
Yoda then forces (no pun intended) Palpatine to Mas Amedda's block (down beside Palpatine's) while he takes the Chancellor's block, for a few seconds. Then, Palpatine forces Yoda back to Sly Moore's spot, retaking the Chancellor's podium. The fight ends when we see Yoda continuously flipping around, attempting to breach Palpatine's defenses.
--------
Palpatine then tries to hurl three or more massive repulsor pods at Yoda. Yoda dodges them all, but the final one knocks him onto another pod. Palpatine rips a final pod from its mooring and chucks it at Yoda, who catches it, spins it, and sends it back. Palpatine cackles - and then just stares at it - before moving away at the last moment to drop down to the pod below.
Yoda follows, and is disarmed by a blast of Force lightning. Yoda is then assaulted by Palpatine - who closes in on Yoda. Palpatine is the one who is creating the energy, whereas Yoda is simply holding it at bay - thus, Palpatine is able to advance on Yoda. Yoda is having a hell of a time (unlike with Dooku) holding Palpatine's lightning back. He's leaning backwards, grimacing as Palpatine cackles. Finally, Yoda growls and glares at Palpatine - who looks surprised.
Now, carefully.
Yoda is NOT the one responsible for the explosion of energies. If one looks carefully, one notices that the ball of Palpatine's Force lightning actually NEVER touches him. Essentially, Palpatine's energy is going to explode.
See, the energy ball of collected energy starts out right at Yoda's finger tips. Palpatine is generating the lightning, and the ball is forming just a little away from Yoda's finger tips (who is using the Force to hold it back). All Yoda does is push the ball firmly in between him and Palpatine. The energy ball never touches Palpatine - and it shows when the energy repells them both. Yoda is flung off the pod down to the floor, and Palpatine rights himself.
--------
Verdict: Yoda and Palpatine are virtual equals. They truly stalemated one another in a battle to the absolute death.