Table 1 – Cause for the Universe
Premise 1:
Whatever begins to exist must have a cause.
Premise 2:
The Universe began to exist.
Conclusion:
Therefore the Universe has a cause.
Appendix B – Universal Formation Probability
Table 2 – Probability for Universal and Earth Formation to Support Life
[[15]]
Number
Parameter
Probability
1
galaxy size
0.1
2
galaxy type
0.1
3
galaxy location
0.1
4
star location relative to galactic center
0.2
5
star distance from closest spiral arm
0.1
6
z-axis extremes of star’s orbit
0.1
7
proximity of solar nebula to a supernova eruption
0.01
8
timing of solar nebula formation relative to supernova eruption
0.01
9
number of stars in system
0.2
10
star birth date
0.2
11
star age
0.4
12
star metallicity
0.05
13
star orbital eccentricity
0.1
14
star’s distance from galactic plane
0.1
15
star mass
0.001
16
star luminosity relative to speciation
0.0001
17
star color
0.4
18
H3+ production
0.1
19
supernovae rates & locations
0.01
20
white dwarf binary types, rates, & locations
0.01
21
planetary distance from star
0.001
22
inclination of planetary orbit
0.5
23
axis tilt of planet
0.3
24
rate of change of axial tilt
0.01
25
planetary rotation period
0.1
26
rate of change in planetary rotation period
0.05
27
planetary orbit eccentricity
0.3
28
surface gravity (escape velocity)
0.001
29
tidal force
0.1
30
magnetic field
0.01
31
albedo
0.1
32
density
0.1
33
thickness of crust
0.01
34
oceans-to-continents ratio
0.2
35
rate of change in oceans to continents ratio
0.1
36
global distribution of continents
0.3
37
frequency & extent of ice ages
0.1
38
asteroidal & cometary collision rate
0.1
39
change in asteroidal & cometary collision rates
0.1
40
mass of body colliding with primordial earth
0.002
41
timing of body colliding with primordial earth
0.05
42
rate of change in asteroid & comet collision rate
0.1
43
position & mass of Jupiter relative to Earth
0.01
44
major planet eccentricities
0.1
45
major planet orbital instabilities
0.1
46
drift and rate of drift in major planet distances
0.1
47
atmospheric transparency
0.01
48
atmospheric pressure
0.1
49
atmospheric electric discharge rate
0.1
50
atmospheric temperature gradient
0.01
51
carbon dioxide level in atmosphere
0.01
52
oxygen quantity in atmosphere
0.01
53
chlorine quantity in atmosphere
0.1
54
iron quantity in oceans
0.1
55
tropospheric ozone quantity
0.01
56
stratospheric ozone quantity
0.01
57
mesospheric ozone quantity
0.01
58
water vapor level in atmosphere
0.01
59
oxygen to nitrogen ratio in atmosphere
0.1
60
quantity of greenhouse gases in atmosphere
0.01
61
quantity of forest & grass fires
0.01
62
quantity of sea salt aerosols
0.1
63
soil mineralization
0.1
64
quantity of decomposer bacteria in soil
0.01
65
quantity of mycorrhizal fungi in soil
0.01
66
quantity of nitrifying microbes in soil
0.01
67
quantity of soil sulfur
0.1
68
quantity of sulfur in the life planet’s core
0.1
69
tectonic activity
0.1
70
rate of decline in tectonic activity
0.1
71
volcanic activity
0.1
72
rate of decline in volcanic activity
0.1
73
viscosity at Earth core boundaries
0.01
74
biomass to minicomet infall ratio
0.01
75
regularity of minicometary infall
0.1
Combined probability:
10^ -99
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