Thanos was stated by many people to be the most powerful being in the whole universe, this is before during and after Thor has access to his full powers w/o Storm Breaker.
Thanos turned Hulk into a school girl in less than 15 seconds and easily overpowered him in strength and combat skill.
Even if Thor got stronger with his lightning powers which there is no evidence to suggest he physically got stronger, he would still lose because that strength upgrade would not close the gap in the strength gap between him being easily able to overpower Hulk.
Hulk and Thor were fairly evenly matched in Avengers, then Hulk overpowered him in Thor Ragnorok.
That means Thor would have to be two-four times stronger then Hulk at this point to physically overpower Thanos in H2h.
Or he would have to be at least two times stronger then Kurse, which is very doubtful.
Either way, Thanos still would beat the living shit out of him.